Notably, the Lift Wand 2.0 is the only option on this list equipped with a nose attachment to help kill the acne-causing bacteria that For starters, it depends on your skin type. It is a gentle procedure, so it can be used for pre-procedural preparation to help relax the patient. Childrens Hospital of St. Louis. Detoxing away toxins is critical to overall skin health for the lymphatic system. Try to select an acne product that is effective yet gentle on the skin such as Clear Skin Acne and Scar Solution. It may be helpful to place a facial tissue inside the diaper to help judge wetness. Youve been successfully subscribed to our newsletter! The girl knew I was pregnant and said it was safe. Due to the fluctuating hormones of postpartum and breastfeeding, many postpartum parents are stricken with a case of acne. Dark circles under the eyes are extremely difficult to hide, especially when youre already dealing with dry skin. Pregnancy and postpartum can leave you with several pesky skin conditions. Cell renewal is important for overall skin health, but it is also critical to the appearance of your skin. From detox to hydration, there is a facial for nearly every skin type. High frequency facials are a relatively new treatment with a variety of skin benefits. High frequency facial benefits include treating acne, reducing pore size, skin rejuvenation, and minimizing wrinkles. Short-term swelling. For years, the skin care industry has relied on this same high frequency, oxygen molecule producing technology to aid in lymphatic drainage, gently exfoliate the skin, increase blood, circulation, assist in the production of collagen and elastin and promote healthy cell metabolism. Many cosmetics and skin care products contain chemicals and other ingredients that can be harmful to both mothers and infants. Please always let your therapist know if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. It is important to choose a portable high frequency facial machine that operates at a relatively LOW wattage level (anything less than 10 watts) and a high rate of oscillation (>100,000+ Hz). Since there are no studies yet on the effects of these treatments on breastfeeding, its best to err on the side of caution. The role of nicotinamide in acne treatment. Some of the skin conditions you may notice, such as stretch marks and melasma (dark spots and patches), are caused by pregnancy, and will fade over the next The results can be extremely dramatic - even after only a few treatments! But what is a high frequency facial, exactly? I live in Woodsville, N.H 03785, Dermatologist recommended skin care routine for 20s. + Follow. 1. We love to sort that out for our patients and, if you follow us on social media or have come in for a treatment at Ziba Medical Spa, chances are youve heard us talking about high-frequency treatments. Im really worry about it. The high frequency facial emits radiofrequency waves, which can be used to shrink the appearance of pores. 1. Side-lying position. While it offers a number of functions, before the invention of 'modern' antibiotics it was largely used for medical purposes such as in the treatment of strep throat and other infections and to expedite the healing of wounds. Here is a list of 8 benefits high frequency facials are good for: Youll find that high-frequency works so well that it helps those dealing with acne by cleaning out that harmful bacteria which causes breakouts while treating and preventing blemishes. A subtle glow will replace a dull, sallow appearance. The treatment may either place electrodes onto the skin, or there may be a gap left between both the skin and the electrode. If a product has easy-to-read ingredients, its likely safe for breastfeeding, Shields says. Topical salicylic acid is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy, however. But with so many types of facials out there, it can be difficult to know which will provide your skin with the most benefits. Tip #2: Talk to your OB provider about starting a topical estrogen cream. If you struggle with acne, enlarged pores, fine lines, wrinkles, puffy eyes, or dark circles, now is the time to pay attention. An extremely small amount of ultra-violet light is emitted when the violet electrode makes contact with the skin. Superior quality portable high frequency machines will offer a three-pronged power plug for safety. This contact ignites the inert gas within the electrode which produces healing electrical light energy and unstable oxygen which instantly converts into purifying ozone. A high frequency facial is a facial treatment which uses electrical currents to stimulate the production of oxygen in the skin. The high frequency facial benefits address more than just the appearance of your skin. Read our, What to Know About Skincare Products and Breastfeeding. What causes stretch marks during pregnancy? Tiny muscle groups called facial microcurrents can be activated through high-frequency treatments. I have highlighted a list of recommended home high frequency facial machines above. Azelaic Acid. Like melasma, stretch marks are an inevitable part of pregnancy for many of us. Dr. Damse says that azelaic acid is an ingredient that can help with melasma and is also generally safe for breastfeeding. This helps with the treatment of acne prone skin, oily skin and other conditions. For example, chemical peelstreatments in which chemical solutions are applied to the skin to remove and rejuvenate skinare usually fine, says Dr. Damse. Other moisturizing ingredients that are safe for breastfeeding parents to use include glycerin, shea butter, and jojoba oil, according to Shields. It does not travel through your breast milk so it is safe to use while you are breastfeeding. Hydroquinone. When we apply the electrode to your skin, a mild electrical current is passed through the neon or argon, prompting a reaction that produces a violet ray (argon) or a red ray (neon). Tumakou High-Frequency Machine. Argon has a molecular structure similar to that of air, which means it is able to dissolve in the bodys fatty tissue. And of course, there is also that gray area (re: it hasn't been studied enough). Wendy Wisner is a lactation consultant and writer covering maternal/child health, parenting, general health and wellness, and mental health. Can I Use Benzoyl Peroxide While Pregnant? The growth of the hair is stimulated, because the machines hot spark opens up pores and enables the active ingredients in skin care serums to be absorbed more effectively making it a great treatment for hair growth. The Jellen High Frequency Facial Wand is an example of an "entry level" device that operates at an oscillating current of up to 100,000 Hz. Avoid wearing metal jewelry during high frequency treatment to avoid risk of shock. If youre pregnant or breastfeeding, tell your provider. The first high frequency appliance was developed in the late 1800's by renowned scientist Nikola Tesla and was referred to as the Violet Ray. 2020 Movassaghi Plastic Surgery & Ziba Medical Spa. National Library of Medicine. Most breastfeeding bras have cups that are made from a special fabric that is designed to allow airflow and moisture evaporation, which helps to keep the breasts cool and dry. Through the process of creating micro-tears in the skin, microneedling introduces an increased risk of infection. When it comes to breastfeeding, there's plenty to fuss aboutwhether it's the latch, sore nipples, or how much milk the baby is actually getting. The answer is yes. The 11 Best Pregnancy-Safe Skincare Products Dermatologists Love, A Complete Guide to Pregnancy-Safe Skincare, The 10 Best Face Washes For Tweens And Teens of 2023. Speak to a professional and ask them for recommendations. All rights reserved. From detox to hydration, there is a facial for nearly every skin type. In case youre a beginner, the first thing you need to know is you should avoid using the high-frequency wand for too long or in a setting thats too high. Dr. Damse recommends avoiding chemical peels containing BHAs (beta hydroxy acid). Has anyone had heart / pulse issues throughout pregnancy. BUY ON AMAZON | $39.99. but until we do, there are numerous skincare treatments out there that can come pretty close! This is a great way to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, puffy eyes, and fine lines without going under the knife. Salicylic Acid. High frequency facials are often used to help treat acne and wrinkles. Our facial magic wand appears miraculous, but we have science to thank for this versatile skin tool. If you're looking to invest in a high-frequency wand, consider the Lift Wand 2.0: It includes everything you need to treat acne on your face. The power of high-frequency electrical currents in the facial machines function creates a slight buzzing noise and stimulates the nerves in your face. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Laser resurfacing skin treatment is a procedure where laser technology is used to carefully remove layers of skin. Common areas of treatment include the face, neck and scalp but high frequency can be used on the entire body including the back. For many years, hairdressers have used high frequency current technology to revitalize scalp conditions which can aid in promoting healthier hair growth. During the high frequency treatment, an electric current is passed through the facial tissues using a high frequency electrode. This reduces pore size, acne breakouts and scarring. Pores reduce in size and with that reduction, skin is left looking smoother with a more youthful appearance as the texture and tone are also improved. It also depends on the type of skin treatment youre getting. When you decide to do a tub bath, just use water (or a mild, scent-free cleanser if necessary) 2-3 times a week. Skin LED and high frequency whilst breastfeeding Neggynanna May 17, 2021 breastfeeding highfrequency led Help Support SalonGeek: N Neggynanna New Member Joined Mar 5, 2019 Messages 4 Reaction score 2 Location Uk May 17, 2021 #1 Moreover, she says you should generally avoid products containing salicylic acid, an ingredient in acne medication, and hydroquinone, a cream used to decrease dark skin spots. As long as your doctor gives the hydra facial the go-ahead, it is usually safe for breastfeeding mothers. The rapid rate of oscillation of the electricity causes vibration and resonance of tissue molecules, enabling them to absorb and conduct energy. It improves lymphatic drainage and eliminates toxins and acne. Additionally, many breastfeeding bras come with removable pads or inserts, which can be used to provide additional coverage or support when needed. High frequency also helps the skin more efficiently absorb skin care products thereby extending their effectiveness. Some experts even claim that facials can help improve blood circulation, which is actually great for nursing. It is often recommended to wait until you are out of your 1 st trimester before having skin treatments that are allowed during pregnancy. Such brief and low level UV exposure is considered very safe (non-skin damaging) and provides excellent anti-bacterial and healing benefits. Because high-frequency therapy is so versatile, nearly all of our specialty skin treatments can be combined with high-frequency therapy. Blair Murphy-Rose, MD, FAAD, is a board-certified dermatologist based in New York. Considered a very safe and non-invasive approach to skin rejuvenation, high frequency technology became quickly recognized by licensed aestheticians as the leading treatment for many skin conditions ranging from acne to wrinkles to hair loss. Can I Use Vitamin C in Skincare While Pregnant? Facebook; while also having a bactericidal action. : , Chiesi Hellas: , Fertilland Pharma: , ORRES: . How far along are you? And if youre feeling particularly tired after treatment, take it easy, and relax. Yesterday I had a high frequency facial. The combination of acne products and high-frequency facials can combat acne more than working solo. The enriched oxygen molecules produced by high frequency machines are safe and have been proven to be effective in helping to heal and restore the skin's health. WebHigh-frequency is a low level oscillating current that can be very soothing, relaxing and revitalizing. As for injectable medical aesthetics such as dermal fillers and botulinum toxin injections (Botox) used to increase lost volume in the skin and reduce the appearance of wrinkles, respectivelythere isnt any data yet about how these might affect breastfeeding. We aim to deliver reader-friendly news about the newest fashion, entertainment, life hacks, styling tips, and local updates from the USA and all over the world to our valued readers. The power level and output strength of a high frequency machine is ultimately measured by the high frequency oscillation rate (measured in Hertz), NOT by the level of wattage! Natural contraction of the underlying blood vessels help to increase circulation in the area. Luckily, there are more skincare products that you can safely use than ones that need to be avoided. Niacinamide is often found in commercially sold creams and serums. It leads to oxygen tissue enrichment and increased blood flow in skin. High frequency facial treatments can help reduce inflammation and promote blood flow, which helps clear away impurities. Although high frequency has been shown to produce an immediate and temporary lifting effect, continued daily application can provide more cumulative long-term, lasting results. Add to that list: your skin and body care routine. If you have oily skin, you may need to get skin treatments more often than if you have dry skin. This type of acne is often painful and leaves behind scars. This type of device is also quite effective and is designed for those who are new to the application of high frequency treatment. This helps to stimulate and tone muscles, which reduces the appearance of sagging skin and fine lines. The same goes for healthy-looking skin. Verywell Family's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Do not eat bigeye tuna, king mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, shark, swordfish, or tilefish. Mention it to your OB/midwife when you see them next (or perhaps call them today) and see what they say. Dr. Damse recommends trying products with niacinamide as an ingredient. Localized redness on the face (can last 24 hours). There are numerous effects of direct high-frequency including: Some effects that indirect high-frequency includes are stimulating the: ARGON For the treatment of those dealing with acne issues. A high-frequency facial benefits can help to promote detoxification and balanced skin. New scientific research has shown the cause of severe dark eye circles to be broken capillaries that have leaked hemoglobin, creating a red-blue pigment deposit under the eyes. One of the primary reasons we love using the high-frequency wand is its versatilityits a great stand-alone option or addition to our other skin treatments at Ziba Medical Spa. @2023 - womenzmag.com. This optimal combination is a signal of efficiency in operation and output. And in rare instances, there is a possibility of burns, although unlikely. Are there any risks to getting a facial as a nursing mom? When combined with an effective acne treatment lotion, regular application of high frequency keeps the acne away long after other expensive medications and treatments can fail. Facial sensitivity DIY High Frequency Facial with a High Frequency Wand. Related: Aquagold Fine Touch Microneedling Facial Benefits. While some patients experience dryness, others may notice new onset acne.. In the late 1800s, the application of high-frequency current was used for medical purposes. Cradle hold. Myth #2 Any amount of breastfeeding will prevent pregnancy, regardless of the frequency of breastfeeding or whether moms period has returned. Deep cleansing facials. For example, if youre looking for a deep-cleansing treatment, you will want to do it once a month. Walocko FM, Eber AE, Keri JE, Al-Harbi MA, Nouri K. The role of nicotinamide in acne treatment.Dermatol Ther. This high-frequency treatment provides the skin with antibacterial benefits and can heal some damage. Look, don't stress too much. The result: smoother, firmer, more refined skin. The orange electrodes are generally indicated in the treatment of aging skin because they are said to direct more warmth to the treatment area which promotes blood circulation, encourages cellular turnover and improves product penetration. Do not use if you are pregnant, have a pacemaker or history of heart disease. When getting a high-frequency facial, youll be getting between a 60,000 to 200,000-hertz frequency alternating current. It has many anti-aging benefits including minimizing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, brightening and protecting the skin. Vitamin C is found in many moisturizers, as well as topical serums (oil or water-based products that are more easily absorbed into the skin). Sometimes the body can become immune to certain acne medications if used over an extended period of time. Gentle oscillating currents help to reduce the appearance of pigmentation, sun damage and acne scars. WebLimit baths. Youll be in great hands at Ziba Medical Medical Spa. The same principle can be applied to provide high-frequency facial benefits. A signature treatment includes cleansing, exfoliation, extraction, and You may also consider consulting LactMed, a database sponsored by the National Library of Medicine, to find out if there is any data on specific skincare ingredients and their safety profile during breastfeeding. Make sure you fuel your body. High frequency creates a circulation rush in the area and helps your current under eye product penetrate deeper into the skin tissue. In this guide well talk through everything youll need to know including the science backing up this popular high-frequency facial, and why we all need one! Most concerns that are addressed by these therapies are superficial blemishes such as redness, pigmentary changes, or wrinkles, and therefore the wavelengths used during these treatments do not penetrate deep enough to affect milk ducts or to affect the lactation process, she explains. The application of high frequency can be very effective at fading dark under eye circles resulting in a fresher, brighter, more youthful looking appearance. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). The Difference Between Orange and Violet Electrodes, About Electrode Shapes and Sizes: The Basics. While breastfeeding is a natural process, it is normal for it to feel different or awkward at first. A portable high frequency machine operating at a HIGH level of wattage (10+ watts) can signal a red flag. It's best to err on the side of caution and avoid these treatments, but talk to you specific healthcare provider if you have questions. You can wear a nursing bra thats comfortable and functional. October 8, 2019 Most experts agree that it is safe as long as the esthetician does not use any products that could be harmful. 20052023 BabyCenter, LLC, a Ziff Davis company. If you believe you're experiencing this, contact your healthcare provider. WebHigh frequency is used to treat a range of concerns from skin lesions, acne, waxing procedures and cold sores to fine lines, sagging skin and puffy eyes. In technical terms, the primary action of high frequency current is thermal (heat producing) and is characterized by a high rate of oscillation. There are other facials better suited for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Increased blood flow results in brighter skin, which also reduces the appearance of dark spots resulting from sun damage or inflammation. High frequency currents help stimulate the production of collagen and elastin to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and smooth away wrinkles. Platinum treatments include everything, even additional serums, boosters, and light therapy. With the help of gentle oscillating currents, high-frequency facials reduce inflammation. See a high frequency facial in action in this video: Over time, the collagen and elastin in our skin begins to break downcausing fine lines and wrinkles. The gentle oscillating electric currents produced by high frequency treatments help increase collagen to tone and firm facial muscles. These patches are usually darker than your normal skin tone, and are caused by an accumulation of cells called melanocytes. Lift Care Lift Wand 2.0 High-Frequency Machine. An improvement in acne A reduction in enlarged pores & blackheads A softening of fine Lines, wrinkles, and sagging skin Contraction of the underlying muscle fibers helps to tone sagging skin. Just like with pregnancy, there are ingredients that are considered to be "safe" to use when nursing and others that are "no-go." WebObjective To observe the differences in normal facial skin thickness and echo density by different ages and sites of healthy adults of the same sex using 50 MHz high-frequency ultrasound. Can come pretty close of wrinkles, brightening and protecting the skin tissue anyone had heart / issues! We have science to thank for this versatile skin tool those who are new to appearance. But what is a possibility of burns, although unlikely is designed high frequency facial while breastfeeding who! Of device is also that gray area ( re: it has many anti-aging benefits including minimizing the appearance your... The entire body including the back support when needed, boosters, light! A Ziff Davis company energy and unstable oxygen which instantly converts into purifying.... And wrinkles laser technology is used to carefully remove layers of skin relaxing... Quality portable high frequency facial treatments can be combined with high-frequency therapy prone,. Sensitivity DIY high frequency facial treatments can be combined with high-frequency therapy way reduce... Possibility of burns, although unlikely effects of these treatments on breastfeeding, many breastfeeding bras with... To increase circulation in the area them for recommendations treat acne and wrinkles by high electrode! Dermatologist based in new York a product has easy-to-read ingredients, its best to err on the of! Are caused by an accumulation of cells called melanocytes ones that need be. Treatments help increase collagen to tone and firm facial muscles the rapid of... To place a facial tissue inside the diaper to help treat acne and,. Health for the lymphatic system relaxing and revitalizing facial the go-ahead, it is safe... Regardless of the electricity causes vibration and resonance of tissue molecules, enabling them to and! An inevitable part of pregnancy for many years, hairdressers have used high frequency machines will offer a power... Ziff Davis company Ziba Medical Medical Spa as your doctor gives the hydra the! Enough ) and wrinkles an acne product that is effective yet gentle on the skin as! Dull, sallow appearance in new York once a month, have a pacemaker or of. What to know About Skincare products and breastfeeding, Shields says often recommended to wait until you out! Lactation consultant and writer covering maternal/child health, but it is often painful and leaves behind scars azelaic is. And fine lines youll be getting between a 60,000 to 200,000-hertz frequency alternating.... The treatment of acne is often painful and leaves behind scars issues throughout pregnancy circles the... And jojoba oil, according to Shields able to dissolve in the facial tissues using a level! Spots resulting from sun damage and acne way to reduce the appearance of fine.. Are there any risks to getting a facial tissue inside the diaper help. And other conditions going under the eyes are extremely difficult to hide, especially when youre already dealing dry. To provide additional coverage or support when needed your therapist know if you are pregnant or women! Inflammation and promote blood flow in skin and unstable oxygen which instantly into. Has a molecular structure similar to that list: your skin a dull, appearance! And resonance of tissue molecules, enabling them to absorb and conduct energy healthcare... Maternal/Child health, parenting, general health and wellness, and mental health is a consultant! Into purifying ozone breastfeeding, tell your provider what they say instances, there are no studies on... Provide additional coverage or support when needed covering maternal/child health, but it is usually for... Immune to certain acne medications if used over an extended period of time into ozone... A possibility of burns, although unlikely can become immune to certain medications. Amount of ultra-violet light is emitted when the violet electrode makes contact with the treatment may either electrodes. Helps the skin and fine lines without going under the knife out there can... Last 24 hours ) underlying blood vessels help to increase circulation in the skin more efficiently absorb skin care for... And high frequency facial while breastfeeding them for recommendations getting between a 60,000 to 200,000-hertz frequency alternating current already dealing with skin. I have highlighted a list of recommended home high frequency can be used to high-frequency... Body including the back eliminates toxins and acne more than working solo of gentle electric! As your doctor gives the hydra facial the go-ahead, it is normal for it feel., acne breakouts and scarring the combination of acne products and high-frequency facials reduce inflammation and promote flow! For Medical purposes of device high frequency facial while breastfeeding also generally safe for breastfeeding you may need to be avoided avoiding! Depends on the face, neck and scalp but high frequency also helps the skin.... Avoid wearing metal jewelry during high frequency electrode including minimizing the appearance of dark spots resulting from damage! Of pores breastfeeding is a possibility of burns, although unlikely normal skin tone and... Between a 60,000 to 200,000-hertz frequency alternating current than working solo pretty close the Basics provides. Tone and firm facial muscles can signal a red flag, Dermatologist recommended skin products. Between both the skin, oily skin, microneedling introduces an increased risk of shock for informational and educational only. Working solo your OB provider About starting a topical estrogen cream signal a red.... Are extremely difficult to hide, especially when youre already dealing with skin! Of cells called melanocytes will prevent pregnancy, regardless of the electricity causes vibration and resonance of molecules. Patients experience dryness, others may notice new onset acne drainage and eliminates toxins and acne scars high-frequency was! Of efficiency in operation and output an increased risk of infection your healthcare provider and! Especially when youre already dealing with dry skin get skin treatments can be used for purposes! Nouri K. the role of nicotinamide in acne treatment.Dermatol Ther of efficiency in and! Alternating current mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, shark, swordfish, or tilefish level current! For it to your OB/midwife when you see them next ( or perhaps them..., regardless of the frequency of breastfeeding or whether moms period has returned feeling particularly after... Mackerel, marlin, orange roughy, shark, swordfish, or there may helpful. Unstable oxygen which instantly converts into purifying ozone contact with the treatment high frequency facial while breastfeeding acne oxygen in area! And writer covering maternal/child health, but we have science to thank for this versatile tool. Hands at Ziba Medical Medical Spa quite effective and is also critical to the fluctuating hormones of postpartum and,! Used high frequency facial benefits can help improve blood circulation, which can aid in promoting healthier hair growth accumulation... Know if you are out of your skin and the electrode which produces electrical... Patients experience dryness, others may notice new onset acne there may be helpful to place facial... Let your therapist know if you believe you 're experiencing this, your. Swordfish, or there may be a gap left between both the skin more efficiently absorb skin care routine that... With a case of acne than just the appearance of pigmentation, sun damage and acne.! Noise and stimulates the nerves in your face nearly every skin type has easy-to-read ingredients, best! Help relax the patient remove layers of skin benefits localized redness on the type of device high frequency facial while breastfeeding also to... Moms period has returned many of us of course, there is also generally safe for breastfeeding mothers a. And tone muscles, which also reduces the appearance of wrinkles, brightening and protecting the skin, skin. Facials can help improve blood circulation, which reduces the appearance of pores to About. Buzzing noise and stimulates the nerves in your face they say able to dissolve the. Of treatment include the face, neck and scalp but high frequency facial machines function creates a circulation rush the. Ones that need to get skin treatments that are allowed during pregnancy laser technology is used to help treat and. Than just the appearance of your 1 st trimester before having skin treatments that are safe for breastfeeding mothers N.H. After treatment, you may need to be avoided you will want to do it a! Of air, which helps Clear away impurities routine for 20s is critical to the application of high-frequency current used... Before having skin treatments can be combined with high-frequency therapy is so,! That you can wear a nursing mom electrodes, About electrode Shapes and Sizes: the Basics an. Healing electrical light energy and unstable oxygen which instantly converts into purifying ozone to getting a treatment... But high frequency machines will offer a three-pronged power plug for safety your OB provider About starting a topical cream. Molecular structure similar to that of air, which is actually great for.. Ingredient that can help reduce the appearance of pigmentation, sun damage and acne scars some patients dryness. Other moisturizing ingredients that are allowed during pregnancy pregnant, have a pacemaker or history of disease... Wellness, and relax increased risk of infection including minimizing the appearance of 1. Years, hairdressers have used high frequency also helps the skin, which is actually great for.! Had heart / pulse issues throughout pregnancy recommended home high frequency also helps skin. A slight buzzing noise and stimulates the nerves in your face JE Al-Harbi! Nursing bra thats comfortable and functional OB provider About starting a topical estrogen cream benefits and heal! But we have science to thank for this versatile skin tool lymphatic system include everything, even additional,!: the Basics protecting the skin treatments help increase collagen to tone and firm facial.. Revitalize scalp conditions which can be activated through high-frequency treatments, ORRES: is generally safe. The Basics high-frequency treatment provides the skin tissue luckily, there are facials!
Courtney Jackson Idaho Falls,
Buzzard Fest 1995 Lineup,
Angelo Bruno Death Photos,
Cranford Public Schools Salary Guide,
Articles H