The modern sand wedge, the first of the clubs to be called a wedge, was developed by Gene Sarazen after flying in Howard Hughes' private plane. Favored weak spots were the top and rear of the turret.[19][31]. It is capable of penetrating MBTs, such as the M1 Abrams, older model Mark II version of the Merkava,[15] Challenger 2 and T-90. Integromat gives you the ability to integrate Box, Lob, Square, Urban Dictionary, Zoho Sign with many other services. Integromat integruje Směnné kurzy ČNB, Lob, Lob, Urban Dictionary, Nástroje se spoustou dalších služeb. In 1984,[11] Karsten Manufacturing introduced the first mass-produced "L" wedge, as part of PING's widely successful Eye and Eye-2 iron sets, cementing the wedge's name as the "lob" wedge. The modern pitching wedge is typically used from the fairway or rough for "approach" or "lay-up" shots requiring a distance of between 100 and 125 yards (exact distance will vary, as with any golf club's distance, on a number of variables such as exact club design, player skill and swing speed, and course conditions). A sand wedge is a type of golf club with a specialized design intended to help the player play the ball from soft lies such as sand bunkers. Wedges, and the golfer's "short game", have come to be emphasized by pro players and teachers/coaches as an area of critical importance. The modern pitching wedge has a loft of around 48° (exact lofts vary by clubmaker and player preference) and little or no "bounce" (angle of the sole to the ground). Even with the first tanks, artillery officers often used field guns depressed to fire directly at armored targets. This wedge is generally made by specialty companies, and some argue that their purpose is redundant, as a regular lob wedge can be "opened" for extra loft in situations calling for such a high launch angle. [5] As World War II progressed, the appearance of heavier tanks rendered these weapons obsolete and anti-tank guns likewise began firing larger calibre and more effective armor-piercing shells. Various warheads are also capable of causing secondary damage to vulnerable systems (especially sights, tracks, rear and roof of turrets) and other unarmored targets. Others are reloadable, such as the Soviet RPG-7 and the Israeli B-300. Soldier-carried anti-tank rifles such as the Boys anti-tank rifle could be used against lightly-armored tankettes and light armored vehicles. An RPG is an inexpensive way of delivering an explosive payload or warhead over a distance with moderate accuracy. Various types are used to penetrate tank armor; typical modern lined shaped charge can penetrate steel armor[clarification needed] to a depth of seven or more times the diameter of the charge (charge diameters, CD), though greater depths of 10 CD and above[12] have been achieved. The Soviet-developed RPG-7 is the most widely distributed, recognizable and used RPG in the world. In this type of warhead, the shape of the explosive material within the warhead focuses the explosive energy on a copper (or similar metal) lining. In the 2000s, they were still being used widely in conflict areas such as Chechnya, Iraq, and Sri Lanka. Prior to the 1930s, the best club for short "approach" shots was the "niblick", roughly equivalent to today's 9-iron or pitching wedge in loft; however the design of this club, with a flat, angled face and virtually no "sole", made it difficult to use in sand and other soft lies as it was prone to dig into soft turf. MDacne: https://www.mdacne.com: W17 We build MDacne, a mobile app that helps people solve their skin problems using computer vision. Le terme de « ferrovipathe » est un néologisme, né de l'association de « ferro », par assimilation à « ferroviaire », et du grec « pathos », signifiant la passion brute. List of Amc - Free ebook download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read book online for free. Mark IV tanks, however, had slightly thicker armor. Some types of RPG are reloadable with new rocket-propelled grenades, while others are single-use. Wir wünschen besinnliche Feiertage und alles Gute für das neue Jahr! [citation needed] Militants have also used RPGs against helicopters: Taliban fighters shot down U.S. CH-47 Chinook helicopters in June 2005 and August 2011; and Somali militiamen shot down two U.S. UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters during the Battle of Mogadishu in 1993. For example, if a soldier or other fighter launches an RPG at a hovering helicopter, even if the helicopter releases chaff flares, engages in signal jamming or releases radar-fooling foil, this will have no effect on a typical RPG warhead in flight, even if these measures might protect against more sophisticated surface-to-air missiles. The Urban Thesaurus was created by indexing millions of different slang terms which are defined on sites like Urban Dictionary. 192, 50735 Köln Telefon 0221 - 224 2541 [email protected] Für individuelle, konkrete Fragen zu den einzelnen Reisen wenden Sie sich bitte direkt an unsere Partner. Each cell contained small arms and some form of RPG (RPG-7V or RPG-18, for example). Dyk ned i artikelarkivet og find informationer om finansverdenen, aktiemarkedet og erhvervslivet siden 1996 We want…” The resulting club had a wedge-shaped profile, and offered better loft to escape from deep or sloped bunkers (unlike the older low-lofted "jigger" traditionally used for bunker shots), while not "digging in" to the soft sand like a lofted iron such as the niblick would normally do. Chechen fighters formed independent "cells" that worked together to destroy a specific Russian armored target. Specific types of RPGs (current, past and under development) include: One of the first instances the weapon was used by militants was on 13 January 1975 at Orly Airport in France, when Carlos the Jackal, together with another member from the PFLP, used two Soviet RPG-7 grenades to attack an Israeli El Al airliner. However, the features which make it useful for this purpose are advantageous in other soft lies such as thick rough, soggy ground or mud. [33] An earlier anti-aircraft kill by the Taliban occurred during Operation Red Wings, on 28 June 2005 when a Chinook helicopter was destroyed by unguided rocket propelled grenades. [4][5] He built his first prototype in 1931 by taking a niblick and soldering extra lead to its sole to add mass, then adjusting the angle of the sole to about 10 degrees from level with the ground, which he found to be the optimal angle to prevent the clubhead either digging deeply into the sand or skimming (bouncing) along the top. [30] In areas where vehicles were confined to a single path (a mountain road, swamps, snow, urban areas), RPG teams trapped convoys by destroying the first and last vehicles in line, preventing movement of the other vehicles. Lob - definition of lob by The Free Dictionary. Dave Pelz, a former NASA physicist and golf short-game coach, envisioned the lob wedge in the 1980s as an answer to modern greens, which are designed to be more difficult to approach to add extra challenge to the game. Such a system detects and shoots down incoming projectiles before they reach the vehicle. An RPG is not normally guided towards the target by heat sensors or IR signatures. Many players use a bounce of between 5° and 8°, making this club a blend of the characteristics of the neighboring pitching and sand wedges, allowing it to be used for certain bunker shots while not sacrificing its utility on firmer ground. [2][3] The lower loft prevented the club "digging in" to soft lies, but the low launch angle and relatively high resistance to the club moving through the sand to "dig out" a buried ball made recovery from a bunker with this club very difficult. Militärisches Studienglosar Englisch Teil II/ Teil III, Deutsch – Englisch, Abkürzung Begriff, It is a newer wedge and so is one of the least standardized as to its purpose and thus its design, but lofts for gap wedges are centered on 52° and have a moderate amount of bounce.[8]. Gene Sarazen won the 1932 British and US Open tournaments with a new club he had invented that was specialized for sand play. When included in a club set, it generally has the highest loft of the set. Various warheads are also capable of causing secondary damage to vulnerable systems (especially sights, tracks, rear and roof of turrets) and other soft targets. He brought his new club to compete in the 1932 British Open, but kept it hidden from the authorities to avoid having it ruled illegal. A rocket-propelled grenade (often abbreviated RPG) is a shoulder-fired missile weapon that launches rockets equipped with an explosive warhead.Most RPGs can be carried by an individual soldier, and are frequently used as anti-tank weapons.These warheads are affixed to a rocket motor which propels the RPG towards the target and they are stabilized in flight with fins. Learn more. Lob definition, to hit (a ball) in a high arc to the back of the opponent's court. Lob definition is - a dull heavy person : lout. However, this practice expended much valuable ammunition and was of increasingly limited effectiveness as tank armor became thicker. Grant Wardlaw, Political terrorism: Theory, Tactics and Counter-Measures (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 27, Shoulder-Launched Multipurpose Assault Weapon, Mk 153 Shoulder-Launched Multipurpose Assault Weapon (SMAW), Specific types of RPGs (current, past and under development) include, period following the 2003 invasion of Iraq, "RPG-7 - Rocket-Propelled Grenade Launcher - History, Specs and Pictures - Military, Security and Civilian Guns and Equipment", "Modern Pirate Weapons - RPG7 - MaritimeSecurity.com", "Operation in Sadr City Is an Iraqi Success, So Far", "Army News - News from Afghanistan & Iraq - Army Times", "AirTronic PSRL-1 (RPG-7USA) Anti-Armor / Anti-Personnel Shoulder-Fired Rocket Launcher", "The RPG-7 On the Battlefields of Today and Tomorrow, by Mr. Lester W. Grau, Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth, KS, Infantry May-August 1998", "Russian-Manufactured Armored Vehicle Vulnerability in Urban Combat: The Chechnya Experience", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rocket-propelled_grenade&oldid=1001620241, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2013, Articles with disputed statements from August 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 January 2021, at 14:36. [35] When the Russians began moving in tanks fitted with explosive reactive armor (ERA), the Chechens had to adapt their tactics, because the RPGs they had access to were unlikely to result in the destruction of the tank. They eliminated the outermost sentries and searchlights with the rockets, then made it into the inner wall, which they also punched through. However, unlike the RPG-27, there is a smaller diameter precursor round in a smaller side barrel tube in addition to the main round in the main tube. These features generally aid the player in making accurate short-distance "lob" shots, to get the ball onto the green or out of a hazard or other tricky spot. At the time, Soviet helicopters countered the threat from RPGs at landing zones by first clearing them with anti-personnel saturation fire. In Afghanistan, Mujahideen guerrillas used RPG-7s to destroy Soviet vehicles. Evan Fong (born May 31, 1992), also known as VanossGaming or simply Vanoss, is a Canadian Let's Player.He is most commonly found playing in Grand Theft Auto V, Garry's Mod, or Nazi Zombies.. Silly, slightly cunning, and relatively focused when he wants to be, Vanoss stands out as an almost perfectly generic description of any Let's Player. A pitching wedge is the lowest-lofted of the named wedges, used to hit a variety of short-range shots. The RPG warhead being used against tanks and other armor often has a shaped charge explosive warhead. A shaped charge is an explosive charge shaped to focus the effect of the explosive's energy. Flannery & Leech, Golf Through The Ages, 600 Years of Golfing Art. In addition, wedges are designed with modified soles that aid the player in moving the clubhead through soft lies, such as sand, mud, and thick grass, to extract a ball that is embedded or even buried. However, as tank armor increased in thickness and effectiveness, the anti-tank guns needed to defeat them became increasingly heavy, cumbersome and expensive. This led to situations where infantry could find themselves defenseless against tanks and unable to attack tanks. An RPG comprises two main parts: the launcher and a rocket equipped with a warhead. These greens require an approach shot that drops the ball very precisely onto the green near the pin, and then "sticks" with little or no roll to prevent the ball following an uneven grade or overshooting the pin into a hazard. The Soviets also varied the number of accompanying helicopters (two or three) in an effort to upset Afghan force estimations and preparation. [2] He won that tournament with a then-record score of 283 (the sum of four rounds of play),[6] and also won the subsequent 1932 U.S. Open with a final-round score of 66 that would stand as a tournament record for almost 30 years. As a class, wedges have the highest lofts, the shortest shafts, and the heaviest clubheads of the irons. For example, during the June 19, 1986 overrun of the San Miguel Army base, FMLN sappers dressed only in black shorts, their faces blacked out with grease, sneaked through barbed wire at night, avoiding the searchlights, they made it to within firing range of the outer wall. Even if the RPG hit does not completely disable the tank or kill the crew, it can still damage external equipment, lowering the tank's effectiveness or forcing the crew to abandon and destroy it. This encourages the player to hit sand wedge shots "fat" (the club hits the ground before the ball), which on a firm lie is generally bad, but in the case of a ball embedded or buried in soft bunker sand this will get the clubhead all the way under the ball to lift it out. 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